Asian Journal of Social and Humanities is a double blind peer-reviewed academic journal and open access to social and technology fields. The journal is published bimonthly by Pelopor Publikasi Akademika collaboration with Politeknik Siber Cerdika Internasional This journal publishes research articles covering all aspects of multi-disciplinary sciences such as social sciences, ranging from Cultural Studies, Engineering, Health, Agriculture, Political Science, Communication, Economics, Law, Accounting, and Education that are included in the social context. The articles published are derived from critical and comprehensive research, studies, or scientific studies on important and current issues or reviews of scientific books. Journal title Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Initials ajosh Abbreviation ajosh Frequency 12 issues per year (monthly) DOI prefix 10.59888 Online ISSN 2963-4946 Citation Analysis Google Scholar Editor-in-chief Abdul Hannan Publisher Pelopor Publikasi Akademika Citation Analysis Google Scholar Indexed and abstracted in the following databases: Dimension, Google Scholar, Garuda, Index Copernicuss, Ebsco, BASE
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International. that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
Determinants of Honest Academic Behavior Among Indonesian NonEngineering Students in the Era of AI: A TPB-Based Structural Equation Modeling Study
The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) tools has reshaped learning practices across non-engineering disciplines, including the social sciences, business, humanities, education, and law. While these technologies offer clear pedagogical benefits, they also raise growing concerns regarding academic integrity, particularly in writing-intensive fields. This study examines the psychological factors that promote honest academic behavior among Indonesian non-engineering students, drawing on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as its theoretical foundation. A total of 375 undergraduate students from universities across Indonesia completed a structured online survey comprising 35 Likert-scale items measuring attitude toward honest behavior (ATB), subjective norms (SN), perceived behavioral control (PBC), behavioral intention (BI), and actual honest behavior (AB). Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS to evaluate construct reliability, validity, and hypothesized relationships. The results demonstrate that ATB, SN, and PBC significantly influence BI, collectively accounting for 52% of its variance. Behavioral intention emerged as the strongest predictor of actual honest behavior (? = 0.61, p < .001), while perceived behavioral control also showed a modest but significant direct effect (? = 0.12, p = .028), together explaining 48% of the variance in AB. Bootstrapping analysis further confirmed the mediating role of behavioral intention in all antecedent–behavior pathways. These findings extend the application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to AI-enhanced learning environments in non-engineering disciplines and underscore the role of ethical attitudes, social influence, and perceived competence in maintaining academic integrity. The study provides practical insights for higher education institutions in developing responsible AI-use policies tailored to non-engineering students.
Copyright (c) 2026 B.M.A.S. Anaconda Bangkara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Enhancing Digital Literacy and Speaking Skills of Students Based on Artificial Intelligence Through Deep Learning
The enhancement of AI-based digital literacy and speaking skills among students through deep learning represents a strategic realization of digital transformation across all sectors, including higher education. This development is examined through a structured framework comprising (1) introduction, (2) objectives, (3) implementation, (4) procedural steps, (5) materials, (6) references, and (7) assessment and final evaluation. The research subjects consisted of 840 students enrolled in the Indonesian Language course, distributed as follows: 71 from Public Health A, 63 from Public Health B, 76 from Public Health C, 235 from Undergraduate Medicine, 67 from Nutrition A, 64 from Nutrition B, 59 from Dentistry A, 46 from Dentistry B, 30 from Nursing A, 35 from Nursing B, 24 from Informatics A, 22 from Informatics B, 24 from Informatics C, 8 from Informatics D, and 16 from Informatics E. Data were collected via Google Forms. The results indicate that improvements in AI-based digital literacy and speaking skills through deep learning were executed with a balanced distribution across planning (38.93%), implementation (54.81%), and evaluation (45.45%). These findings demonstrate a significant equilibrium between knowledge and skills, as well as between theory and practice, in advancing students' AI-based digital literacy and oral communication competencies through deep learning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yustinah Yustinah, Bambang Hartono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Strategy for Optimizing Oil Palm Plantation Productivity Through Barangan Banana Intercropping During Replanting Period (Case Study: PT Agricinal)
The declining productivity of oil palm plantations exceeding the optimal productive age (>25 years) poses significant financial challenges for plantation companies. PT Agricinal experienced a drastic decrease in Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) productivity from 6.41 tons/ha/year in 2020 to 3.92 tons/ha/year in 2022—far below the ideal standard of 25–30 tons/ha/year. This condition triggered a replanting decision in 2022 but created a 3–4-year non-productive period (Tanaman Belum Menghasilkan/TBM) without operational revenue. This research aims to analyze the financial feasibility of Barangan banana intercropping on 1,000 ha of replanting land as a revenue optimization solution. The research methodology employs a mixed-methods approach that combines quantitative business feasibility analysis—using Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Net Benefit-Cost Ratio (Net B/C), Payback Period (PP), sensitivity analysis, and SWOT analysis indicators—with qualitative insights. Research findings demonstrate that Barangan banana intercropping provides significant improvements in financial feasibility: NPV increased 66.8%, from IDR 58.63 billion to IDR 97.79 billion; IRR increased from 25% to 45%; Net B/C increased from 1.65 to 1.77; and Payback Period shortened from 6 years to 4 years. Sensitivity analysis proves the project's resilience to fluctuations in CPO prices, operational costs, and FFB productivity. The intercropping strategy effectively fills cash flow gaps during the TBM period, enhances land use efficiency, and strengthens plantation business competitiveness. This research concludes that implementing Barangan banana intercropping on oil palm replanting land is feasible and strategic for large-scale application as a sustainable agribusiness model.
Copyright (c) 2026 Daniel Martahi Bonar Manurung, Hermanto Siregar, Hendro Sasongko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Development of Performance Management in Refrigerated Transportation Company PT WET Logistics Indonesia Based on the Balanced Scorecard (BSC)
PT WET Logistics Indonesia is a company engaged in the refrigerated truck rental sector. To improve service quality, PT WET Logistics Indonesia has implemented integrated Industry 4.0 technology through the Transportation Management System (TMS), Global Positioning System (GPS), and data thermologger (DTL) across its fleet, positively impacting the company's revenue. Nonetheless, management realizes that developing a long-term strategy cannot rely solely on financial performance indicators and customer satisfaction. This dependence risks delays in responding to changes in the business environment and lost strategic opportunities. Therefore, this research aims to design the stages of strategy formulation by translating the company's vision, mission, and strategy into four Balanced Scorecard (BSC) perspectives and developing a strategic map based on cause-and-effect relationships. The research method involves performance management design aligned with the company's vision and strategy, supported by Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and interviews with stakeholders. The results show that the strategy formulation stage yields an elaboration of the vision, mission, and strategy into four BSC perspectives. The strategic planning stage produces a strategic map, 13 strategic goals, 15 critical success factors (CSF), and 17 key performance indicators (KPIs) with priority targets and weights determined using the Saaty scale (1–9). Furthermore, 39 strategic initiatives were formulated and are monitored through a BSC-based performance management dashboard with a traffic light control system.
Copyright (c) 2026 Widaningsih Widaningsih, Raden Dikky Indrawan, Popong Nurhayati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia Coli in Sandal Mats at Sukabumi Farms
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase–producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec), poses a global threat to human, animal, and environmental health. Intensive broiler farms serve as important reservoirs of ESBL-E.coli, exposing workers through ingestion during routine activities. This study aimed to assess ESBL-Ec prevalence and estimate ingestion exposure among workers in closed-house broiler farms in Sukabumi City. Laboratory and field analyses were conducted using spread plate methods, MCA-CTX selective media, and ESBL confirmation by Double Disk Synergy Test (DDST) on samples from workers’ Footwear. The concentration of E. coli bacteria on the surface of the sandals in the dry season was (1.37 ± 0.02) × 103 CFU/cm2), while in the rainy season it was (1.16 ± 0.05) × 10³ The confirmed concentration of ESBL-Ec bacterial colonies was (0.42 ± 0.02) × 10³ CFU/cm²). Meanwhile, for the rainy season, the ESBL-Ec concentration obtained was (0.14 ± 0.03) × 10³ CFU/cm².The results of this study confirm that workers' footwear in closed-house broiler farms is a real reservoir for the spread of ESBL-E.c bacteria. The high concentrations of bacteria found, both in the dry and rainy seasons, indicate the need for stricter biosecurity protocols and routine sanitation of work equipment to mitigate the risk of transmitting antimicrobial resistance from the farm environment to humans.
Copyright (c) 2026 Irvan Aditya Prabowo, Iftita Rahmatika, Yudith Vega Paramitadevi, Cindy Rianti Priadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of the Impact of Customer Experience and Engagement on Satisfaction and Loyalty in the Body Shop's Omnichannel
This study examines the impact of customer experience and engagement on customer satisfaction and loyalty within the omnichannel strategy employed by The Body Shop in Indonesia. As the cosmetic and personal care market experiences rapid growth, it is essential for companies to deliver an integrated experience across both online and offline channels. A seamless and consistent customer experience across various touchpoints can significantly enhance customer engagement, which in turn drives satisfaction and fosters loyalty. The research employs a quantitative approach with purposive sampling, analyzing data using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The results indicate that customer experience has a positive and significant effect on both engagement and satisfaction, which ultimately contributes to improved customer loyalty. The findings offer valuable insights for companies in shaping more effective omnichannel strategies, aiming to enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty in a sustainable manner. By understanding these dynamics, businesses can refine their approach to integrating online and offline experiences, ensuring they meet the evolving expectations of customers and strengthen long-term relationships. This research provides practical recommendations for companies in the cosmetic and personal care industry to remain competitive in an increasingly digital marketplace.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurul Afiifah Ghifari, Arif Imam Suroso, Sufrin Hannan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Evaluating Accessibility and Comfort of Pedestrian Skybridges: An Observational and Physiological Approach
This study evaluates the accessibility and psychological comfort of users on the skybridge connecting Tirtonadi Terminal and Solo Balapan Station. The research was conducted to assess the suitability of the facility to the needs of vulnerable groups, particularly people with disabilities and the elderly, who are often overlooked in pedestrian infrastructure design. A mixed-methods approach was applied through field observations, interviews with 10 users, and physiological stress measurements using Galvanic Skin Response (GSR). The analysis results showed an average accessibility index value of 1.28 (categorized as less accessible), with several critical aspects such as ramps, signs, ventilation, and lighting not meeting standards. Furthermore, GSR data revealed an average increase in stress of 25%, with 90% of respondents experiencing anxiety or distress when crossing the skybridge. These findings confirm that limited physical facilities directly impact users' psychological comfort. This study recommends the implementation of inclusive design based on PUPR standards, improvements to supporting facilities, and the integration of stress monitoring technology as part of the development of sustainable pedestrian infrastructure.
Copyright (c) 2026 Putri Chandra Pratiwi, Bambang Suhardi, Widyo Laksono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Self-Leadership in Public Health: Controversies in Stunting Prevention Efforts by Village Development Non-Commissioned Officers (Babinsa)
Stunting is a significant health problem in Indonesia, particularly in rural areas. This study emphasizes the self-leadership of Babinsa (village supervisory non-commissioned officers)—as street-level actors—in stunting prevention in Indonesia. It aims to explore the role of village development non-commissioned officers (NCOs) of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI), known as Babinsa, in stunting prevention efforts by examining how a self-leadership model can enhance their effectiveness in addressing this public health challenge. This study used a qualitative approach with a case study design, focusing on Babinsa in Magelang Regency, Central Java. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants, including Babinsa, Posyandu cadres, village midwives, village officials, and families of stunting sufferers. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes and insights from the data. The findings revealed that Babinsa (village-based non-commissioned officers) who applied self-leadership principles demonstrated increased adaptability in implementing stunting prevention strategies tailored to community needs. However, challenges such as bureaucratic constraints and limited resources impacted the effectiveness of these efforts. Collaboration between Babinsa, health workers, and community members proved crucial for successful interventions, highlighting the importance of cultural sensitivity and community engagement. The study concluded that implementing a self-leadership model by Babinsa could significantly improve their effectiveness in stunting prevention. Insights from this study can inform policymakers and practitioners in designing better training programs and support systems to reduce the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muryanto, Ratminto Ratminto, Hakimul Ikhwan, Umi Listyaningsih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Development of Rooftop Photovoltaic Resources in Factory Building Complexes and Energy Efficiency Improvement Under Self-Generation and Self-Consumption Mode
In response to national energy conservation and emission reduction requirements, the company has systematically implemented rooftop photovoltaic (PV) development across its three thermal power plants to promote green, low-carbon transformation. This qualitative case study analyzes operational data, project documentation, and performance indicators from these sites over two years. By utilizing rooftops of dormitories, offices, and factory buildings, a distributed PV system for self-consumption was constructed, reducing overall plant power consumption and boosting energy efficiency. Quantitative results show annual external electricity purchases dropped by 8–12%, with peak daytime self-consumption rates of 85–90%. The system yielded replicable outcomes in management, operations, and collaboration. Through comprehensive planning, standardized construction, robust maintenance, and performance evaluation, PV operational stability and profitability improved significantly, offering thermal power firms a path to "promote construction through utilization and emission reduction through construction." Beyond cost savings, distributed PV forms a cornerstone for sustainability strategies, enabling hybrid systems that balance fossil-based generation with renewables. This study provides a replicable framework for industrial-scale rooftop PV and empirical evidence for self-consumption models in thermal power settings.
energy conservation and emission reduction
Copyright (c) 2025 Wang Zhiliang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of Information on The Development of Community Media Based on Local Wisdom
The development of information and communication technology supports communication culture and civilization. The use of new media by people in cities and villages is a communication phenomenon in the digital era. The convergence of community media with digital media platforms is a collaboration of technology and development information content This article was written based on the results of research on development information content in community radio media RASI FM Csisewu, Garut Regency, West Java. The constructivism paradigm is a guideline in a series of studies to describe the behavior of communication actors in information content. The research aims to determine the existence of the convergence of community media and virtual ethnographic elements of information content on social media. The researcher used a qualitative approach to describe the speech and communication behavior in the virtual space. Theoretically, the research was carried out with the perspective of communication ethnographic theory, media convergence model, participatory communication concept and local wisdom concept. Research data collection techniques are content documentation on social media, interviews, and observations. A series of information on social media such as Instagram, Youtube, Facebook and TikTik were analyzed using a virtual ethnography method The results of the analysis showed that community radio implemented media convergence in rural areas with a global reach. Virtual ethnography contains audio-visual texts, symbols of local wisdom, aspects of development, participation and audience interaction.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ika Yuliasari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness of Education and Buerger Allen Exercise on Peripheral Neuropathy Symptoms and Fasting Blood Sugar in Type 2 Diabetes Patients at Hospital X, Bandar Lampung
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder often accompanied by complications such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), which impairs sensation and quality of life. Non-pharmacological interventions such as patient education and Buerger Allen Exercise (BAE) have been recommended for managing symptoms and glycemic control, but evidence on their combined effectiveness in clinical settings in Indonesia remains limited. This study evaluated the effectiveness of structured diabetes education combined with Buerger Allen Exercise (BAE) in reducing peripheral neuropathy symptoms and improving fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. A quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design was employed with 120 purposively sampled patients at Hospital X in Bandar Lampung. The intervention consisted of comprehensive DM education followed by supervised BAE training, performed twice daily for 15 minutes over 14 consecutive days. Neuropathy symptoms were assessed using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI), and FBG was measured with a digital glucometer. Results showed significant reductions in both outcome measures post-intervention (). The mean MNSI score decreased from 5.600 to 2.996, and mean FBG declined from 146.48 mg/dL to 112.59 mg/dL. The proportion of patients with normal FBG increased from 38.3% to 79.2%. Multivariate analysis (MANCOVA) confirmed the intervention's significant effect after controlling for age, gender, and diabetes duration, contributing 44.2% to neuropathy reduction and 18.8% to FBG improvement. The findings demonstrate that integrated education and BAE is an effective, non-pharmacological strategy for managing diabetic complications and glycemic control, suitable for implementation in clinical and self-care settings.
Copyright (c) 2025 Alex Candra Martua Simbolon, Emiliana Tjitra, Dewi Prabawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digital-Based Business Licensing Reform in Indonesia: An Analysis of The Online Single Submission (Oss) Policy
The Online Single Submission (OSS) policy is a key reform in Indonesia’s business licensing system, part of a broader digital transformation in public governance. Introduced to reduce bureaucratic complexity, accelerate service delivery, and improve transparency, OSS aims to enhance legal certainty for businesses. This study examines the OSS policy through public administration reform by analyzing its regulatory design, implementation mechanisms, outcomes, and challenges. A narrative policy review approach was used, including literature analysis of regulations, scholarly articles, policy reports, and government documents, with a descriptive-qualitative analysis. Findings show that OSS aligns with e-government and good governance principles, contributing to faster licensing, integration of business data via the Business Identification Number (NIB), and improved service transparency. The risk-based licensing approach marks a shift from administrative control to a more adaptive and proportional regulatory model. However, challenges remain, including regulatory disharmony between central and local governments, limited bureaucratic capacity, unequal digital infrastructure, and low digital literacy among MSMEs. Data governance and cybersecurity issues also remain significant concerns. In conclusion, while OSS is a strategic policy tool for reforming business licensing, its full potential is not yet realized. Strengthening institutional capacity, improving regulatory coherence, enhancing digital literacy, and expanding technological infrastructure are vital for the sustainability and effectiveness of Indonesia's digital governance reform.
Copyright (c) 2025 Syamsul Anwar Khomeni, Andreo Wahyudi Atmoko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
In Vivo Analysis Of Pandanus Tectorius Fruit Extract Gel: Modulation Of Epithelialization, Collagen Synthesis, And Fibroblast Proliferation In Wound Healing
Herbal therapies are increasingly explored for wound management due to their perceived safety compared with synthetic agents. Pandanus tectorius contains bioactive compounds with potential benefits for tissue repair; however, evidence supporting its efficacy in incision remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Pandanus tectorius ethanol extract gel on epithelialization, collagen density, and fibroblast proliferation in incision wounds of Rattus norvegicus. A post-test-only control-group experimental design was conducted using 30 white rats, allocated into five groups: positive control (Bioplacenton®), negative control (gel base), and extract gel treatments at concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%. Histological evaluations of epithelialization, fibroblast count, and collagen density were performed. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with Duncan’s post hoc test. Fibroblast proliferation differed significantly among groups (p < 0.001; ?² = 0.590). The 20% and 30% extract groups demonstrated the highest fibroblast counts. Collagen density showed a non-normal distribution in the negative control group, though overall variances were homogeneous. ANOVA did not reveal statistically significant differences in collagen density; however, Duncan’s test suggested a tendency toward increased collagen formation in the 30% extract group. The results indicate that Pandanus tectorius extract gel enhances tissue regeneration by significantly promoting epithelialization and fibroblast proliferation. Although the collagen in improvement was not statistically significant, the observed upward trend supports the extract’s potential role in extracellular matrix formation. Overall, Pandanus tectorius fruit extract gel shows promise as a natural wound-healing agent, warranting further research to optimize doses and assess clinical applicability.
Copyright (c) 2025 Afifah Sekarkusuma, Vanessa Hedyana Putri, Shehnaz Neisa Rasyid, Maritza Cahya Kusuma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Position of BPN in Resolving Land Cases in Depok: A Restorative Justice Approach
Non-penal policies should ideally be regulated as the legal basis for implementing the Land Mafia Prevention and Eradication Task Force Team. Legal certainty refers to the application of laws that are clear, permanent, and consistent. The restorative justice approach will serve as the basis for formulating non-penal policies to resolve land dispute cases in Indonesia. The purpose is to determine the position, role, and responsibilities of BPN in land settlement in Depok City. This research is normative juridical research with the character of prescriptive analysis. The novelty in this research is that the object of the dispute in the BPN Depok area has not involved resolution based on the principles of restorative justice. This study reveals that BPN Depok has achieved significant accomplishments in land case resolution, with a 99.66% dispute resolution rate exceeding national targets. The research demonstrates that BPN's integration of restorative justice principles through mediation, asset certification programs, and technological innovations (BERMATA application) has enhanced both the effectiveness and efficiency of dispute resolution. The findings indicate that BPN's dual role as both mediator and government authority requires careful navigation to maintain stakeholder trust. This study concludes that while restorative justice approaches show promise in land dispute resolution, comprehensive strategies addressing resource constraints, mediator capacity development, and multi-stakeholder collaboration are essential for sustainable implementation. The research contributes theoretically to conflict management literature and practically provides evidence-based recommendations for enhancing BPN's dispute resolution mechanisms in rapidly urbanizing contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Maslihati Nur Hidayati, Suartini Suartini, Sadino Sadino, Yusy Widarahesty, Anita Mumin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Investment Policy Strategies in Risk and Liquidity Management for DualAccount Old-Age Security Schemes
This study aims to formulate an optimal investment policy for the Dual-Account Old-Age Savings (JHT) program managed by BPJS Ketenagakerjaan. The surge in early withdrawals since 2020 has shifted JHT’s role from long-term savings to a short-term liquidity instrument, creating potential asset–liability mismatches. The Asset Liability Management (ALM) framework is applied to assess asset–liability alignment, while the Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT) ensures efficient risk–return trade-offs. Strategy prioritization employs the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with 10 experts and five key criteria. The results indicate Asset–Liability Balance (0.25) and Liquidity (0.24) as dominant factors. The 70:30 allocation (Main:Supplementary Account) is identified as the optimal strategy (weight 0.67), balancing short-term liquidity resilience and long-term fund sustainability, consistent with ALM–MPT principles and post-P2SK policy direction
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurul Rahmawati, Raden Dikky Indrawan, Zenal Asikin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Artificial Intelligence for Detecting Oil Spills in Strategic Areas: A Strategic Study and Implementation Review in the Natuna Sea
Oil spills in the strategic area of Natuna have continued to increase in recent years, causing significant ecological, economic, and geopolitical impacts. However, Indonesia's marine pollution detection system still relies on conventional methods that are limited spatially, temporally, and operationally. This study aims to analyze the potential implementation of Artificial Intelligence, especially the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model based on satellite imagery, to improve the effectiveness of oil spill monitoring and strengthen national Maritime Situational Awareness (MSA). The research uses a qualitative approach through literature studies, strategic analysis, and Natuna case studies. Secondary data were collected from scientific articles, reports from national institutions, international platforms such as EMSA and Copernicus, and data on Natuna pollution incidents for the 2019–2023 period. The analysis was carried out through thematic analysis, comparative analysis, strategic analysis, and case-based reasoning. The results show that CNN has high accuracy in detecting oil spill patterns from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 imagery and has the potential to provide valid digital documentation for rapid response and legal proceedings. Further analysis revealed that AI integration is technically feasible for application in the TNI Pusinformar system, although it requires strengthening infrastructure, human resources, SOPs, and data security. The discussion emphasizes that AI application can improve data-based diplomacy, environmental law enforcement, and Indonesia's maritime surveillance capacity; thus, a national roadmap and supporting policies are needed for operational implementation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Triyani Triyani, Bayu Asih Yulianto, Panji Suwarno https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Hidden Costs of Statelessness: Educational Challenges for Indonesian Children in Philippines Migrant Settlements
This research qualitatively investigates the difficulties that Indonesian migrant children in the Philippines encounter while attempting to obtain higher education due to incomplete citizenship records, financial difficulties and institutional restrictions. Children, parents, educators, and government officials who were interviewed pointed out that statelessness of children remains an issue today besides financial difficulties and bureaucratic constraints. Programs of Sekolah Indonesia Davao (SID) and Indonesian Consulate of Davao (KJRI) exist to help students, but most students still cannot go to college because of both legal and financial problems. This report recommends targeted legislative reforms, strengthened bilateral cooperation as well as community-driven initiatives toward improving access to education for this marginalized population.
Copyright (c) 2025 Wolter Weol, Christar Rumbay, Imee Sendiang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Development of Taro Agribusiness Using Local Wisdom: a Swot Analysis to Promote Sustainable Food Security
Taro shows promising agribusiness prospects as a local commodity that supports sustainable food security, but these efforts are still overshadowed by various obstacles that require the right handling strategy. The purpose of this research is to identify internal and external factors and develop a strategy for the development of taro agribusiness based on local wisdom in West Papua. This research uses a mixed-method design by combining surveys of 50 key informants, in-depth interviews, FGDs, observations, and SWOT analysis. The results of the study show the following factors: 1. Strengths include the availability of local seed varieties, suitable agroclimatic conditions, extensive land ownership, farming experience, and the position of taro as a local food for the community; 2. Weaknesses include limited production facilities, low financial capacity of farmers, simple processing technology, high transportation costs, and weak farmer institutions; 3. Opportunities include increasing market demand, support for regional autonomy, strategic production centers, and scientific and technological advances; and 4. Threats include low purchasing power, a high rate of product damage, weak legal certainty on land, land conversion, and competition with taro products from outside the region. This study concludes with a strategy that prioritizes strengthening production capacity, expanding market access, diversifying processed products through innovation, developing agroindustry, strengthening farmer institutions, improving production facilities, and implementing price regulation policies. The development of taro agribusiness requires a comprehensive strategy that integrates local wisdom to increase sustainable food security in West Papua.
Copyright (c) 2025 Anang Triyoso, Indah Prihartini, Anas Tain, Endang Gunaisah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Unveiling The Hidden Threat: Exploring the Diagnostic Prowess of MRI in Detecting Post-Laminar Optic Nerve Invasion in Retinoblastoma Patients - a Meta-Analysis
Retinoblastoma (RB), a rare and aggressive intraocular malignancy, is a devastating pediatric cancer primarily affecting the retina, with a global incidence of approximately 1 in 15,000 live births. The use of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify post-laminar optic nerve invasion (PLONI) is believed to be useful for planning therapeutic approaches. This study aims to determine the diagnostic performance of MRI in identifying PLONI in retinoblastoma patients. This study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020. Systematic search was conducted in several international databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, EBSCOhost, and Proquest from earliest entry to 2023. The quality of studies was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) criteria. Sensitivity and specificity values were extracted from each study and meta-analysis of the pooled sensitivity and specificity were calculated using STATA 17. Seventeen studies were eligible for the meta-analysis. Based on the meta-analysis of the included studies, the authors found that the overall sensitivity was 69,0% (95%CI: 58%-80%), overall specificity was 80,0% (95%CI: 73%-87%), and exhibited a notable heterogeneity (I2 = 85,5%). MRI has high specificity in identifying PLONI in RB, so it can be used as a diagnostic modality, especially in cases where eye-preserving therapy is taken into consideration.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nabila Maharani Ahmadi Putri, MR Pratama, AN Ayuputri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Organizational Strategy Execution: From Planning To Reality A Literature Review On Key Success Factors For Strategy Implementation In A Dynamic Environment, The Case Of Indonesian Organizations
Many organizations fail to achieve their strategic goals not due to poor planning, but because of weak strategy execution. Strategy execution is a critical stage that requires the involvement of top management, adaptive control systems, and support from mature performance measurement and risk management systems. This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the success and failure of strategy execution in dynamic environments, with a specific focus on Indonesian organizations. The research method employed is qualitative, with a systematic literature review approach, utilizing various relevant academic sources from international and local databases. The findings indicate that successful strategy execution is characterized by leadership commitment, risk prioritization, stakeholder involvement, periodic evaluations, and the integration of risk management throughout the strategic process. Conversely, failure in strategy execution is often caused by a lack of risk awareness, an unsupportive organizational culture, and the absence of a structured performance measurement system. In conclusion, effective strategy execution emerges from the deliberate alignment of three foundational pillars: structural organizational readiness, strong and accountable leadership, and an integrated system of performance and risk oversight. Organizations that cultivate balance across leadership commitment, adaptive control systems, and risk-performance integration are better positioned to transform strategic plans into tangible and sustainable outcomes, even amid dynamic environmental challenges. By managing these elements effectively, organizations can bridge the persistent gap between strategic intent and operational reality.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rudiyanto Rudiyanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Voters’ Perceptions of Mayoral Candidates’ Personal Characteristics in the 2024 Bogor Mayoral Election
This study examines voters’ perceptions of the personal characteristics of mayoral candidates in the 2024 Bogor mayoral election. Using survey data collected from voters, the analysis focuses on fifteen character attributes, including sociability, communication skills, decisiveness, trustworthiness, responsibility, integrity, and competence. Descriptive analysis was employed to compare positive and negative perceptions across five candidates. The results indicate that all candidates were perceived very positively across most attributes. Characteristics related to leadership and integrity—such as decisiveness, honesty, responsibility, intelligence, and consistency—received exceptionally high positive evaluations, reaching 100 percent for several candidates. Candidates with larger numbers of respondents exhibited more consistent and stable positive perceptions across all indicators. In contrast, candidates with fewer respondents showed relatively higher negative perceptions, particularly in communication-related attributes, suggesting variability in public image formation. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of personal character dimensions in shaping voter perceptions in local elections. Voters tend to favor candidates perceived as credible, competent, and emotionally stable, underscoring the role of character-based evaluations in influencing electoral preferences in the 2024 Bogor mayoral election.
Bogor mayoral election; emotional feelings; SEM-PLS; political marketing; voting decisions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Febri Nur Aini, Jono Mintarto Munanda, I Made Sumertajaya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Restorative Justice And Legal Reform In Tax Crime Prosecutions: Enhancing Accountability And Efficiency In Indonesia’s Tax System
This study examines the enforcement of tax crime cases in Indonesia, with a particular focus on the termination of tax crime prosecutions and the perspectives of key stakeholders, including the Indonesian Employers Association (APINDO), the Directorate General of Taxes (DJP), the Financial Audit Agency (BPK), and tax consultants. Using in-depth interviews with selected informants, the research identifies major challenges in tax law enforcement, especially in relation to corporate tax crimes. The findings show that tax crimes frequently stem from collusion between taxpayers and tax officials to evade taxes, coupled with weak corporate governance. The study argues that sanctions for tax crimes should be directed more toward individuals who manage corporations rather than the corporations themselves. Furthermore, the research highlights the rising number of tax crime cases being forwarded for prosecution and notes persistent issues concerning the lack of corporate accountability, including among state-owned enterprises (BUMN). The study also examines the existing legal framework and identifies inconsistencies between administrative and criminal law enforcement in tax matters. These inconsistencies demonstrate the need for clearer legal guidelines and improved coordination among tax authorities, auditors, and law enforcement institutions. The study also underscores the potential role of restorative justice—particularly through tax repayment and fines—as an alternative mechanism to improve taxpayer compliance and increase efficiency in resolving tax disputes. In conclusion, the research offers recommendations for legal reforms, stronger inter-agency coordination, and the enhancement of human resource capacities within tax authorities to ensure that tax crime cases are resolved more effectively and fairly, ultimately supporting Indonesia’s broader fiscal objectives.
Copyright (c) 2025 Anton Laranono, M. Iman Santoso, Agus Budianto, Hartanto Hartanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Russia’s Political Narratives in a Tale of Vanya and Mykola Animation
This article analyzes an animation titled A Tale of Vanya and Mykola, which was released during Russia’s military invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Specifically, this article examines the political narratives constructed by Russia to legitimize the invasion. Based on Roland Barthes’ Semiotic Theory and Steven Lukes’ concept of power, this study identifies symbols, signs, and visuals that function as ideological control conveyed by Russia to a global audience. The study found that Russia articulates three main political narratives, namely: the historical closeness between Russia and Ukraine, the ideological division caused by external intervention, and global injustice. Through these three political narratives, Russia seeks to resist Western discourse hegemony while justifying the invasion of Ukraine as a defensive and moral act. This study concludes that A Tale of Vanya and Mykola is rich in ideological and political meanings and serves as an instrument of ideological hegemony to control public perception.
Copyright (c) 2025 Putu Titah Kawitri Resen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Juridical Analysis of Law Number 17 of 2023 Concerning Health on Legal Protection for Medical and Health Personnel
The enactment of Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health marks a new era in Indonesia’s legal framework through an omnibus approach aimed at harmonizing and consolidating overlapping health regulations. This study examines the legal protection of medical and health personnel in performing their professional duties as stipulated in the new Health Law and its implementing regulation, Government Regulation Number 28 of 2024. Using a normative juridical research method, the study relies on secondary legal materials, including legislation, legal doctrines, and scholarly literature. The findings indicate that Law No. 17/2023 repeals eleven previous health-related statutes and introduces a more comprehensive legal framework to strengthen healthcare governance and ensure professional accountability. The law expands the scope of legal protection for medical personnel by including standards of professional ethics, service quality, and patient health needs, which were not explicitly covered in earlier laws. Moreover, the regulation outlines the responsibilities of central and local governments, as well as healthcare facility administrators, in providing preventive and responsive legal protection. The study concludes that the 2023 Health Law represents a significant legal reform that reinforces the state’s constitutional duty to ensure fairness, legal certainty, and the protection of both healthcare providers and patients, thereby promoting a just, ethical, and sustainable health system in Indonesia.
perlindungan hukum, tenaga medis, tenaga kesehatan
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurchasanah Nurchasanah, Muthia Sakti, Andriyanto Adhi Nugroho https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Global Ethical Framework and Islamic Principles in Sustainable Natural Resource Management
Natural resources are fundamental assets for supporting human life and ecosystem sustainability. However, irresponsible exploitation has led to environmental degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, necessitating ethical and sustainable management frameworks. This study aims to analyze the alignment between global ethical frameworks—including the IUCN Natural Resource Governance Framework (NRGF), Environmental Management System (EMS), The Earth Charter, Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG), and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)—and Islamic principles in sustainable natural resource management. Using a descriptive-comparative qualitative approach, this research conducts a thematic analysis of primary Islamic sources (Qur’an and Hadith) and global framework documents. Data were analyzed to identify conceptual correlations and integrative potential between the two systems. The study reveals significant alignment between global ethical frameworks and Islamic principles, particularly in concepts of sustainability, justice (Al-’Adl), balance (Mizan), and prohibition of waste (Israf). Key Islamic principles such as trusteeship (khalifah) and accountability before God resonate strongly with global sustainability goals. The research also proposes an Islamic Pentahelix collaboration model involving government, academia, business, community, and media to implement these integrated principles. Islamic teachings offer a comprehensive ethical foundation that aligns with and can enrich global sustainability efforts. The integration of these principles through collaborative models like the Islamic Pentahelix can enhance the effectiveness and moral grounding of natural resource management policies worldwide.
Copyright (c) 2025 Prayitno Prayitno , Raudhatul Hasanah Lie https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Women's Empowerment through Independent Agricultural Programs in Villages: A Case Study of PT Pertamina EP Asset 2 Adera Field and the "PERMATA" Program in Pengabuan Village
This study aims to examine the implementation of women's empowerment programs in the context of upstream oil and gas corporations and rural communities, with a case study at PT Pertamina EP Adera Field through the "Resilient Village Independent Agriculture (PERMATA)" program in Pengabuan Village, Penukal Abab Lematang Ilir (PALI) Regency, South Sumatra Province. PT Pertamina EP Adera, which was established as an oil and gas exploitation and production unit in the Abab, Dewa, Raja, and Benuang Structure working areas, recorded an average production of 2,184.74 BOPD of oil and 9.33 MMSCFD of gas in the January–June 2024 period. Through the PERMATA program, women in the village received skills training, production facilities, and access to raw materials to develop agricultural and herbal product businesses. The program results showed a Community Satisfaction Index (IKM) of 3.77 (94.28%) with a very good category, as well as the preparation of a Social Return on Investment/SROI analysis that showed significant social, economic, and environmental contributions. However, there is an indicator of increased income with an IKM value of 2.82 (70.59%), which is still in the good category, indicating room for improvement in marketing and product quantity. This study also links program implementation to literature on women's empowerment in rural areas, which shows that social capital, transformational leadership, and access to resources and markets are crucial in strengthening the effectiveness of empowerment.
Copyright (c) 2025 Leni Novianti, Anton Firmansyah, Sarion Masona, Adam Syukron Nasution, Zulham Hamidan Lubis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Local Wisdom As The Foundation For Community-Based Tourism Development In Samiran, Boyolali
This research aims to formulate a community-based tourism development model with the foundation of local wisdom in Samiran, Boyolali, Indonesia by emphasizing the strategic role of local cultural values, traditional rituals, and social practices as the main asset in creating a sustainable tourism model that preserves the environment, cultural heritage, and strengthens community welfare. This research provides practical benefits for local stakeholders, especially in empowering communities to be actively involved in tourism planning, management, and promotion. The research method used is qualitative through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, documentation, and targeted group discussions (FGD) with community leaders, tourism actors, and tourists. Data is analyzed through the stages of data reduction, triangulation, and interpretation to ensure the validity and depth of the analysis. The results of the study show that Samiran Village has a wealth of local wisdom such as the traditions of Mountain Alms, Sadranan, Temu Tirta, and Turonggo Seto which if integrated strategically can become a unique tourist attraction. However, there are still a number of challenges such as limited infrastructure, low digital literacy, and lack of professionalism in tourism management by local communities. The implications of this study confirm that local wisdom can be the foundation for the development of a competitive and sustainable rural tourism model. In practical terms, this model can be a reference for policymakers, tourism managers, and local communities in designing tourism development strategies that increase economic benefits, preserve cultural identity, and ensure environmental sustainability.
Copyright (c) 2025 Kris Cahyani Ermawati, John JOI Ihalauw, Damiasih Damiasih, Fera Dhian Anggraini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pertamina EP Ramba Field's Multidimensional Collaboration Towards a Clean and Healthy Keluang Village (SIMBA KUAT)
Low awareness of the importance of cleanliness and health is a complex problem in the community. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the SIMBA KUAT program's multidimensional collaboration model in addressing issues such as poor infrastructure accessibility, low formal education, stunting cases, traditional childbirth, and wood waste management. Through a mixed-method explanatory sequential approach that combines quantitative and qualitative data. The results show that the program has a significant impact. The overall Community Satisfaction Index (IKM) was 3.85 (96.25%), with a 35% increase in student skills through curriculum integration, a 13% decrease in stunting, a 50% increase in visits by pregnant women through the An-Nur Integrated Health Post (Posyandu), a 30% increase in agricultural production, a 25% increase in income at the Kekar Gemilang Agro Ponik Farmers Group, and a 40% reduction in waste and savings of IDR 500,000/month at the Kekar Gemilang Waste Bank, with an SROI of IDR 1.9 per IDR 1 investment. However, the sustainability IKM score of 3.70 emphasizes the need for funding diversification and digitalization. SIMBA KUAT, facilitated by "Keluang Hub," serves as a catalyst for village resilience, contributing to the national vision of a waste-free Indonesia and reducing stunting, with potential for replication in remote areas. Recommendations include institutional strengthening and longitudinal evaluation for sustainable transformation.
collaboration; multidimensional; empowerment; sustainability
Copyright (c) 2025 Hanif Setiawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Strategy For Decision-Making On Old Age Security (Jht) Benefit Claims At Bpjs Ketenagakerjaan
The phenomenon of high claims for Old Age Security (JHT) before retirement age poses a challenge to the sustainability of social security programs in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the behavioral and policy factors that influence JHT claim decisions and formulate strategies for optimizing the claim mechanism. The research method was conducted through Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) analysis of 232 respondents who were JHT participants who had made claims, as well as the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method involving 15 experts in the fields of social security, public policy, and financial behavior. The results show that the behavioral factors of loss aversion, present bias, and mental accounting have a significant effect on JHT claim decisions, supported by government regulations that reinforce the tendency for early claims. Meanwhile, the AHP results placed Effectiveness as the main criterion in determining strategy and produced optimal optimization strategy priorities in the form of increasing financial literacy and socializing mindset changes based on behavioral economics, followed by reformulating JHT disbursement policies and other supporting strategies. This study confirms that JHT claim behavior is influenced by psychological biases and prevailing policies, so optimization efforts need to be directed towards educational approaches, policy reforms, and sustainable service innovations.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mei Lya Utami, Nimmi Zulbainarni, Asep Taryana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Improving Fine Motor Skills of Autistic Children Through Cotton Collage Activities at Special School in East Kutai Regency
This study aims to improve the learning outcomes and creativity of children with autism through cotton collage activities at the Special Needs School (SLB) in Kutai Timur Regency. The purpose of this research is to contribute to the development of effective, enjoyable, and appropriate learning methods tailored to the characteristics of children with autism. The research question focuses on how cotton collage activities can enhance the abilities of autistic children in collage-making. The learning process is designed to create an engaging and enjoyable atmosphere suited to the individual learning needs of autistic students. This research employs Classroom Action Research (CAR) conducted over three cycles. Data were collected through observations of student engagement, concentration, and participation throughout the activities. The results show improvements in fine motor skills and creativity, including the ability to recognize shapes, colors, and patterns, and to arrange cotton collage materials in a structured manner. These improvements also reflect an increase in student independence in completing tasks. The findings are expected to serve as a reference for teachers and educators in designing hands-on, activity-based learning with individualized approaches, which have proven effective in increasing interest and skills among children with autism.
children with autism, cotton collage, fine motor skills, creativity, classroom action research.
Copyright (c) 2025 Miftakul Ilmiyah, Suparno Suparno https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0